vertical lapse rate
вертикальний градієнт температури
вертикальний градієнт температури
environmental lapse rate (ELR)
saturated adiabatic lapse rate (SARL)
instantaneous vertical speed indicator / instantaneous vertical-speed indicator (IVSI)
rate of climb (ROC) / vertical speed
rate of descent (ROD) / vertical speed
vertical speed (rate of climb, ROC)
vertical speed (rate of descent, ROD)
high vertical inclination angle